Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology have published an article of the efficacy of hydroxy acids: Applications of hydroxy acids: classification, mechanisms, and photoactivity. Alpha Hydroxy Acids (AHAs) are a key ingredient in Neuropad® Foot Repair Foam.
Here are the key scientifically-backed benefits of Alpha Hydroxy Acids (AHAs) for skin:
1. Gentle yet effective chemical exfoliation
AHAs, naturally occurring hydroxy acids like glycolic and lactic acid, work by disrupting the ionic bonds between corneocytes (surface skin cells), resulting in gentle shedding of dull dead cells. This process enhances epidermal turnover, revealing fresher, smoother skin and improving texture and tone.
2. Dermal rejuvenation & collagen stimulation
Clinical studies using 25 % glycolic, lactic, or citric acid lotions for six months showed approximately 25 % increases in skin thickness. Histologically, treated skin exhibited a thicker epidermis, denser collagen, improved elastic fibres, and more glycosaminoglycans—suggesting firmer, more resilient skin.
3. Lightening of pigmentation & melanin inhibition
AHAs help fade age spots, melasma, and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation by accelerating pigment clearance through exfoliation and inhibiting melanin production directly in melanocytes.
4. Moisturising plus barrier enhancement
Aside from exfoliating, AHAs also act as humectants, drawing moisture into the skin. They promote hyaluronic acid production and support barrier integrity, thus increasing skin hydration and reducing transepidermal water loss.
5. Improved tolerance with varied AHA types
Different AHAs have distinct molecular sizes and penetration rates. Glycolic acid is very effective but can irritate; lactic and mandelic acids are milder, offering comparable benefits with less irritation. Polyhydroxy acids (PHAs), larger derivatives, provide similar benefits with enhanced moisture retention and antioxidant properties—ideal for sensitive skin types.
6. Clinical versatility & safe use
AHAs are widely used in over-the-counter and professional-grade skincare for treating acne, photo-ageing, keratoses, and pigmentation. They’re generally well tolerated when formulated at appropriate concentrations (pH > 3.5–4.0). Increased sun sensitivity is typically reversible and can be managed with strict broad-spectrum sunscreen use.